Richard Cobden (1804–1865) was a manufacturer who became a leading figure of British liberalism, in his writing, speeches, organizing, and service in Parliament for 24 years. He led the Anti-Corn Law League and he negotiated and signed the 1860 commercial treaty between Britain and France. While Cobden is often remembered for advancing free trade and fiscal responsibility, a large part his political life was devoted to peace, arms reduction, staying out of military adventures, and refuting war propaganda.